Biblical theology was a foundation of Arabian philosophy in terms of developing Islam as an autonomous religion. Theology based on Bible and Christianity was a foundation of Middle Ages philosophy in Europe, including famous Scholastics school, represented by Thomas de Aquinas and earlier thinkers, such as Aurelius Augustine.
Moreover, it should be noted that virtually all early representatives of political and social thought were influenced by Christian theology, in which the rules of state constitution, power, popular and human rights were searched. To sum it up, it goes without saying that Christian theology is one of the major foundations of Western philosophy.
2. Biblical theology should be regarded as one of the major influences on science. However, science is often opposed to religion by natural scientists in fact the history of science shows that natural philosophy was primarily based on reading of Biblical texts. The notion of nature with its laws and rules, which was central to Western science, was developed in close reading and interpreting Bible, especially where it described the formation of life and nature by God. The development of logic, which was central to the formation of sciences, was also heavily influenced by scholastic interpretation of Bible. The fusion of Aristotelian and Christian logic significantly influenced the development of algebra, geometry of such thinkers as Leibniz, Descartes etc.
It should be noted, however, that some teachings in science developed independently of Biblical theology, however in close communication with it. This is particularly true for Bacons and Newtons empiricism (Heschel, 15). Nevertheless, the integral understanding of nature and universe were in the last instance based on Christian theology in its different versions, including creationism, pantheism etc. In this view, it goes without saying that modern science was extremely influenced by Biblical theology. It also should be pointed out that the great progress in science did not result as many predicted in debunking of religious worldview. In fact, many modern scientists are not atheists, but agnostics or believers, because the harmonic structure of world makes them think that it could be created by a divine Reason.
3. Biblical theology had also a profound influence on the formation of Western worldview. The primary domains, which were the most influenced by Biblical theology in that respects were morality, ethics, the perception of beautiful, ideology of humanity, liberalism etc.
Biblical theology was the basic system of norms, influencing the formation of Western law and ethics, based on specific conceptions of good and evil, virtue and benevolence. The day-to-day morality of human relations is utterly based on Biblical commandments and divinations. Moreover, it should be noted that all human perceptions of earthly and heavenly world are based on basic Biblical stories and legends. It should be noted that such ideologies as liberalism were heavily influenced by Christian concepts of equality, freedom and human dignity preached by Jesus Christ (Warfield, 52).
4. It goes without saying that Biblical texts also had a profound influence on the formation of scientific epistemology. Biblical theology distinction between ideal and material became the foundation of scientific epistemology especially in Kantian and Hegelian philosophy. Material being was conceptualized as lacking logical coherence, while human cognition rationalizes material objects and finds objective rules, governing their existence. The development of logic the basis of epistemology was also heavily influenced by Biblical texts. Moreover, it should be noted that determinism the teaching assuming that all events and things are determined and caused by something originate from theology of creationism and scholastic proofs of God existence.
5. Inspiration is a Biblical doctrine, arguing that Bible was breathed out by God and contains Gods original message to people. The Bible has many passages, were authors argue that their messages have divine inspirations. Moses reception of Ten Commandments contains direct reference to God divination. The divine inspiration is often showed in the Bible by referring to God Thus says the Lord. It goes without saying that the divine inspiration of Bible has a wide-ranging significance for Christian theology and exegetica. It shows that the text of Bible should be treated as divine and saint, because it contains original messages of God to people. Divine inspiration also makes the task of interpretation difficult, because Gods messages should be interpreted in genuine and original manner to find their deep and difficult sense. Moreover, divine inspiration shows that Bible is not human-made, but is a saint text (Warfield, 59).
6. The significance of canonicity was particularly important during the formation of Christianity as a religious institution, regulation all spheres of life in a society. In the early ages of Christianity the significance of canonicity was less pronounced, because Christianity was not protected by states as a dominant religion and way of life. After Christianity was adopted as the state religion in the majority of European states and clergy was formed as the separated branch of power in Rome as its centre. Christian teaching was canonized as the set of rules, dogmas and rituals, regulating different spheres of life marriages, birth, death etc. The Catholic Church created the unique interpretation of Bible and alternative Christian teachings and movements were prosecuted. Hence, canonicity was a process crucial for the codification of Christianity as unique religion with its specific canons, laws and procedures. However, it should be noted that institutionalization of Christianity bore on negative features, such as prosecution of alternative interpretations, sects and atheists by Inquisition.
7. The concept of cumulative revelation is a Biblical concept contending that Jewish nation was chosen by God and was revealed all basic truths of universe, life and death. Another interpretation of cumulative revelation concept contends that cumulative revelation is a kind of revelation, when the divine truths are opened to a vast number of people.
8. Concept of doxological centrality signifies the importance of Christian canons in different spheres of life. The latter includes the importance of spiritual consultation with priests, the centrality of making religious rituals and ceremonies. Moreover, doxological centrality includes the significance of austerity and adhering to the basic principles of Christian teaching.
9-10. According to Bible the origin of language is divine. Initially people spoke one language that was brought to them by God. However, after human sins God mixed all people and gave them many languages so as they did not understand each other. From then on, the divine sense of language was lost and people had to search deep to find initial Gods revelation. In this way, the purpose of language became the transmission of protected divine knowledge to other generation and the communication between people.
11-12. The distinction between Israel and the Church may be traced back to the distinction between Judaism and Christianity (Heschel, 87). Initially, Judaist priests and authorities opposed Christianity as the religious teaching, because it appealed to the notions of solidarity, freedom and equality, which were not welcomed by Judaic society. Jesus Christ preached that all people are born equal. Moreover, Christianity in its early ages was in sharp opposition to Judaist rituals, such as circumcision and considered it to be barbaric. Moreover, the death of Christ, according to Christian tradition was caused by the treason of Judaist priests and Roman armed forces.
13-21. Several hermeneutic approaches, formed in Western tradition may be defined. The first method is lexical-syntactical approach, which studies the words utilized in Bible and the way in which they are used. It focuses on punctuation, different orders of the sentence, tenses and other grammatical matters to interpret the text. The second method historical method focuses on historical inquiry into events, described in Bible to establish the historical truth. 3. Cultural method of hermeneutics focuses on studying the culture of nations and people, described in the Bible to find out their worldviews, traditions and rituals. 4. Contextual method focuses on context to find out, what a particular verse or sentence means in terms of its relationship with other parts of the text. 5. Theological method focuses on religious norms and rules, described in Bible, their purpose and meaning. 6. Finally, one should point to special literary methods, such as comparative analysis and discourse analysis, which were influenced by structuralism, postmodernism and post-structuralism.
22-25. Main four pillars of hermeneutics may be summarized as follows the importance of context a text should be interpreted in terms of its place and relationship with other structural units of Bible. 2. Non-contradiction principle the interpreted meaning should not contradict other texts in Bible. 3. Following the spirit of text the interpretation should be internal to the text and do not follow external meanings, borrowed from common sense. 4. Truth principle interpretation should find true meaning behind metaphors and other tropes.
26-30. Exegetical, synthetic and systematic processes of hermeneutics are all interconnected and linked. The exegetical process is important in terms of finding initial meaning and sense of a text to establish its purposes. Synthetic process refers to the procedure of synthesizing or linking the text analyzed with other text with a similar meaning. Finally, systematic process is designed to find out the systematic relationship between all texts found in Bible.
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